Auxology (human biology) WB-BI-ANG-16
1. Ontogeny
Definition and division of ontogeny; Prenatal and postnatal development; Progressive and regressive development. Aging and involution.
2. Aspects of biological development
Qualitative material aspects of physical development
Quantitative material aspects of physical development
Energetic and information aspects of physical development
3. Factors of ontogenetic development (1)
Genetic factors (determinants and stimulators); Genome and genotype; Mitoses and Meiosis; Genotype and phenotype; Qualitative and quantitative traits; Genetics of continuously distributed traits.
4. Factors of ontogenetic development (2)
Mating and consequences of breeding. Genetic factors: Assortative mating; Types of mating and heterozygosity and homozygosity of offspring; Inbreeding and crossbreeding; Homosis and heterosis; Tendency toward arithmetic mean.
5. Factors of ontogenetic development (3)
Paragenetic and extragenetic factors; Genotype and regulatory mechanisms of mother; Maturity of the mother organism and age of parents
6. Factors of ontogenetic development (4)
Exogamic factors (modifiers): biogeography (natural modifiers); Socio-economic factors (cultural modifiers).
7. Reactivity
Ecosensitivity, adaptability and expression – examples
8. Adaptational changes
Adaptation/populational and individual levels; Regulatory, acclimatory and developmental adjustments.
9. Nutrition and biological development
Nutrition during pregnancy, winning and infancy. Nutrition and children and youth development. Nutritional status and its disorders; Undernutrition
10. More important environmental factors
Living conditions; Climate and meteorological factors; Social environment. Political and economic system
11. Side effects of civilization
Urban conditions, Overpopulation; Air pollution; Radiation; Noise and vibration
12.Biological development and lifestyle
Physical activity; Asymmetry of body build: functional, dynamic and morphological; Leisure and sleep
13. Structures and functions in ontogeny (1)
Bone and joint development; Posture and its changes
with age; Spinal curves - scoliosis
14. Structures and functions in ontogeny (2)
Nerve and muscular systems; Human motor fitness;
Physical activity and motor fitness; Development of strength, speed, endurance fitness, coordination,
agility and spice orientation.
15. Structures and functions in ontogeny (3)
Respiratory system; blood and circulatory system. Heart work in different stages of ontogeny.
Teaching methods: lectures with PowerPoint presentations.
Method of assessment: written exam based on lectures.
(in Polish) Grupa przedmiotów ogólnouczenianych
Subject level
Learning outcome code/codes
Type of subject
Course coordinators
Learning outcomes
Lectures
Knowledge:
BI1_W01 - the graduate understands the basic phenomena and processes occurring in auxology;
BI1_W03 - the graduate knows the connection of the processes taking place in auxology with other natural disciplines;
BI1_W04 - the graduate knows the applied research methods in auxology
Tutorials:
Skills:
BI1_U02 - the graduate understands literature in Polish and is fluent in English in the field of auxology;
BI1_U07 - the graduate has the ability to speak as part of auxology issues;
BI1_U10 - the graduate is able to plan further assimilation of new knowledge within the auxology;
Social competence:
BI1_K02 - a graduate is able to consult experts in the event of difficulties with solving a problem within auxology;
BI1_K06 - the graduate correctly resolves problems related to the profession performed within auxology
Lectures
ECTS [1 ECTS = 30 hours]
Participation in lectures: 30 hours;
Participation in discussion during lectures and preparation for the exam: 30 hours;
ECTS number = 2
Tutorials:
Active participation in the exercises in the form of discussions: 30 hours;
Preparation of the presentation: 30 hours.
ECTS number = 2
Total: 120 hours
ECTS number: 120/30 = 4
Assessment criteria
Grade 2 (ndst): the student does not understand the phenomena and processes in auxology, does not know the connections taking place in auxology with processes in other natural disciplines and does not know research methods in auxology;
Grade 3 (dst): the student has a limited understanding of the phenomena and processes occurring in auxology and the links with processes in other natural disciplines, as well as knows a few research methods in auxology;
Grade 4 (db): the student understands the phenomena and processes occurring in auxology and the links with processes in other natural disciplines, as well as knows research methods in auxology;
Grade 5 (very good): the student fully understands the processes taking place in auxology and the relationship with processes in other natural disciplines, as well as knows very well research methods in auxology;
Assessment methods:
Final exam - test exam - 100 questions. Three answers, one correct.
Final grade:
Good answer to 51-60 questions -3
Good answer to 61-70 questions - 3+
Good answer to 71-80 questions - 4
Good answer to 81-90 questions - 4+
Good answer to 91-100 questions - 5
Bibliography
Basic literature:
1. Bochenek A., Reicher M., Anatomia człowieka t. 1-5. PZWL, Warszawa 2010; 2. Bogin B., Patterns of Human Growth. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1999; 3. Duszyński J i wsp., Biologia tom 4 i 5. Liceum ogólnokształcące, zakres rozszerzony. Wydawnictwo Szkolne PWN, Warszawa 2005; 4. Michajlik A., Ramotowski W., Anatomia i Fizjologia Człowieka. Wydawnictwo Lekarskie PZWL, Warszawa 2003; 5. Malinowski A., Wolański N., Metody Badań w Biologii Człowieka. Wybór Metod Antropologicznych. Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warszawa 1888; 6. Tanner J., Fetus into Man., (2nd edition). Harvard University Press, Cambridge 1990; 7. Wolański N., Rozwój Biologiczny Człowieka, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2012.
Supplementary reading:
1. Jaczewski A (red.), Biologiczne i Medyczne Podstawy Rozwoju i Wychowania. Wydawnictwo Akademickie „Żak”, Warszawa 2005; 2. Kalat J.W., Biologiczne Podstawy Psychologii. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2006; 3. Wolański N., Ekologia Człowieka: Ewolucja i dostosowanie biokulturowe. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2006; 4. Wolański N., Ekologia Człowieka: Wrażliwość na czynniki środowiska i biologiczne zmiany przystosowawcze. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2006
Additional information
Additional information (registration calendar, class conductors, localization and schedules of classes), might be available in the USOSweb system: