General history of the 19th century WNHS-HI-HPXIXw

Topics
1. The long nineteenth century: specificity of the late modern era, caesuras
2. Ideological changes: religion, philosophy, mentality
3. Political geography of the 19th century
4. French Revolution - course, goals, causes of victory and fall,
5. The importance of the Napoleonic wars - the causes of Napoleon's victories and fall
6. The golden age of bureaucracy.
7. The importance of scientific progress and civilization achievements of the 19th century,
8. European powers and their place in the political system of Europe,
9. Dynasties, rulers and politicians of the powers of 19th century Europe - monarchs of the Hohenzollern, Habsburg, Holstei-Gottorp (Romanov), Hanoverian and Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Windsor) dynasties:
- Alexander I - attempts at reforms in Russia,
- Mikołajowski system - the gendarme of Europe
- Bismarck and his politics,
- the empire of Franz Joseph,
- William II and his politics
- Nicholas II - politics of missed opportunities
- Victorian era in Great Britain,

10. The golden age of bureaucracy.
11. Conservatism, liberalism, socialism, nationalism,
12. Conquest of Siberia and the Far East, Central Asia, the Caucasus
13. Türkiye - a sick man, Persia, Egypt, Georgia
14. The Revolution of 1905 in Russia,
15. Changes in united Germany in the second half of the 19th century
16. Balkan Cauldron
17. Causes of the outbreak of World War I

preparation a short text (about ten pages) connected the XIXth history,
an oral or written exam.