History of Modern Philosophy WF-FI-N11-HF3

Knowledge (LECTURE):
FI1_W01: The student explains how the ideas of modern philosophy (e.g., rationalism, empiricism, autonomy of reason) shaped the foundations of modern intellectual culture, science, and social institutions.
FI1_W04: The student identifies the meaning of terms characteristic of 17th- and 18th-century philosophy and indicates their connections to specific positions, schools, and authors.
FI1_W05: The student presents the main trends in modern philosophy (e.g., Cartesianism, Enlightenment empiricism, transcendental idealism), characterizing their positions and historical development.
FI1_W06: The student identifies and analyzes advanced ideas and arguments of selected modern philosophers and applies methods of interpreting philosophical texts in working with source material. Knowledge (EXERCISES):
FI1_W01: The student explains how the ideas of modern philosophy (e.g., rationalism, empiricism, autonomy of reason) shaped the foundations of modern intellectual culture, science, and social institutions.
FI1_W04: The student identifies the meaning of terms characteristic of 17th- and 18th-century philosophy and identifies their connections with specific positions, schools, and authors.
FI1_W05: The student presents the main trends in modern philosophy (e.g., Cartesianism, Enlightenment empiricism, transcendental idealism), characterizing their positions and historical development.
FI1_W06: The student identifies and analyzes the advanced ideas and arguments of selected modern philosophers and applies methods of interpreting philosophical texts in working with source material.
FI1_W07: The student identifies the connections between cultural and political transformations (e.g., the Scientific Revolution, the Reformation, the Enlightenment) and the emergence and transformation of modern philosophical systems.

Skills (LECTURE and EXERCISES):
FI1_U04: The student analyzes key philosophical texts (e.g., "Meditations on First Philosophy," "Treatise on Human Nature"), identifying the main theses, premises, and their justification.
FI1_U10: The student analyzes key philosophical texts (e.g., "Meditations on First Philosophy," "Treatise on Human Nature"), identifying the main theses, premises, and their justification.

Competencies (EXERCISES):
FI1_K02: The student identifies and analyzes advanced ideas and arguments of selected modern philosophers and applies methods of interpreting philosophical texts when working with source material.
FI1_K05: The student demonstrates the influence of selected ideas from modern philosophy (e.g., freedom, reason, social contract) on the contemporary understanding of democratic values, state institutions, or science.

The condition for taking the exam in the lecture portion of the course is obtaining a passing grade in the tutorials. Students who fail to complete the tutorials are not eligible to take the exam.

EXAMINATION AND DATE: Knowledge and skills acquired during the course are assessed through a written exam covering the material presented in the lectures and the recommended literature. The maximum score for the first exam is 60 points. Exam format: A written exam with closed and open-ended questions; the latter require the analysis and reconstruction of philosophical concepts.

Exam structure:
Part A: Characterization of a philosophical concept (20 points). The student draws two questions from a pool concerning selected trends and answers one of them.

Assessment Criteria:
- Adequate presentation of the concept (0-10 points)
- Reconstruction of the argument and key assumptions (0-5 points)
- Historical context and influences (0-5 points)

Part B: Comparative or Problem Analysis (20 points). The student draws two questions from the pool regarding selected comparisons and answers one of them.

Assessment Criteria:
- Knowledge of the positions discussed (0-10 points)
- Quality of the comparative/problem analysis (0-5 points)
- Identification of influences and significance (0-5 points)

Part C: Definitional Questions (20 points). 10 definitions of key terms and identification of authors.

Exam duration: 90 minutes (1.5 hours)

The following grading scale is expected for the written exam:
- 55–60 points (91–100%) – very good (5.0)
- 49–54 points (81–90%) – good plus (4.5)
- 43–48 points (71–80%) – good (4.0)
- 37–42 points (61–70%) – satisfactory plus (3.5)
- 31–36 points (51–60%) – satisfactory (3.0)
- 0–30 points (0–50%) – unsatisfactory (2.0)

SECOND-TIME EXAM: For students who fail the first exam, the second-time exam will take the form of an oral exam covering the material covered in the course syllabus (exam questions are drawn from the available pool). Students who did not take the exam on the first attempt will take the exam on the second attempt, following the same rules as the first attempt (written exam). Exam structure for the second attempt:

Part A: Characterization of a philosophical concept (20 points) - The student draws one question from the pool about a chosen philosopher.

Evaluation criteria:
- Precise presentation of basic concepts (0-5 points)
- Reconstruction of the argument and central assumptions (0-10 points)
- Historical context and influences (0-5 points)

Part B: Characterization of a philosophical trend (20 points) - The student draws one question from the pool about a chosen philosophical trend.

Assessment Criteria:
- Precise presentation of the concept (0-10 points)
- Quality of problem analysis (0-5 points)
- Identification of philosophical influence and context (0-5 points)

Part C: Short Definition Questions (20 points)
- 10 questions, 2 points each – definitions of key terms and identification of authors and their main works.

Second exam time: 40 minutes

Grading scale for the second exam:
- 55–60 points (91–100%) – very good (5.0)
- 49–54 points (81–90%) – good plus (4.5)
- 43–48 points (71–80%) – good (4.0)
- 37–42 points (61–70%) – satisfactory plus (3.5)
- 31–36 points (51–60%) – satisfactory (3.0)
- 0–30 points (0–50%) – unsatisfactory (2.0)

For EXERCISES: work with texts and engaging methods: discussion, group work. In subsequent classes, students will become familiar with additional texts important for understanding the transformations in contemporary philosophy. Working with texts involves identifying key concepts for a given philosophical movement or author, highlighting the basic features of the method used, and possibly summarizing selected excerpts from the works discussed.

Passing requires student attendance at least 6 of the 8 classes. Students who attend 5 or fewer classes cannot attempt the tutorials.

The final grade for tutorials is determined by two elements:
1) Active participation and preparation for classes (20 points).
2) Assessment of the written test (30 points).

For criterion 1, students can earn a maximum of 20 points for all substantive classes in the following areas:
(a) Preparation (knowledge of the text being read) (0-1 point)
- 0 points: unfamiliarity with the text or no text at all,
- 1 point: reading the text and familiarizing themselves with the basic terminology and arguments.

(b) Active participation in discussion and text analysis (0-4 points)
- 0 points: inactivity or one-time participation,
- 1 point: sporadic participation in discussion in the form of expressing opinions without formulating arguments,
- 2 points: active participation in discussion, asking questions, commenting, formulating basic arguments without mastering technical terminology,
- 3 points: active participation in discussion, formulating elaborate arguments with correct use of technical terminology,
- 4 points: in addition to the above, also demonstrating knowledge and ability to define the philosophical context and reference other philosophers.

(c) Quality of presentation and group work (0-2 points)
- 0 points: general statements or lack of participation in group work,
- 1 point: correct statements, basic participation in group work,
- 2 points: substantive statements, constructive participation in group work.

Students can earn a maximum of 7 points in a given class. In the course of the 8-session course, they can earn a maximum of 20 points.

For criterion 2, students must pass a written test. Closed-ended questions (50%, 15 points) and open-ended questions (50%, 15 points) cover topics covered in class and texts covered during the course. Open-ended questions require analysis of source texts discussed in class, with the student reconstructing and analyzing the arguments of selected texts (10 points) and defining selected concepts (5 points).

Grading scale for criteria 1 and 2 (final grade for tutorials):
- 46–50 points (91–100%) – very good (5.0)
- 41–45 points (81–90%) – good plus (4.5)
- 36–40 points (71–80%) – good (4.0)
- 31–35 points (61–70%) – satisfactory plus (3.5)
- 26–30 points (51–60%) – satisfactory (3.0)
- 0–25 points (0–50%) – unsatisfactory (2.0)

THE GRADE FROM THE TUTORIALS WILL IMPACT THE FOLLOWING EXAMINATION ON THE FIRST DATE:

1. Achieving a 5.0 as the final grade for the tutorials means that the student receives an additional 6 points on the exam. 2. A final grade of 4.5 in the tutorials means that the student receives an additional 4 points on the exam.
3. A final grade of 4.0 in the tutorials means that the student receives an additional 2 points on the exam.
4. Obtaining grades of 3.0 and 3.5 does not affect the exam score.

DNC

Overwievs:

1. F. Copleston, "Historia filozofii", różne wydania.
2. W. Tatarkiewicz, "Historia filozofii", 3 tomy, różne wydanie.
3. J. Migasiński, "Filozofia nowożytna. Postacie / Idee / Problemy", Warszawa 2011.
4. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, online: https://plato.stanford.edu/

Primary literature:

1. "Filozofia włoskiego odrodzenia", Warszawa 1967, fragmenty.
2. F. Bacon, "Novum organum", tł. J. Wikarjak, Warszawa 1955, fragmenty.
3. N. Machiavelli, "Książę", różne wydania, fragmenty.
4. Kartezjusz, "Medytacje o filozofii pierwszej", różne wydania.
5. Kartezjusz, "Zasady filozofii", Warszawa 1960, fragmenty.
6. G.W. Leibniz, "Teodycea. O dobroci Boga, wolności człowieka i pochodzeniu zła", przeł. M. Frankiewicz, Warszawa 2001.
7. D. Hume, "Traktat o naturze ludzkiej", Warszawa 1951, s. 151-121.
8. D. Hume, "Badania dotyczące rozumu ludzkiego", Warszawa 1977, s. 33-38, 53-57.
9. J. Locke, "List o tolerancji", Warszawa 1963, fragmenty.
10. J.-J. Rousseau, "Rozprawa o nierówności", w: tenże, "Trzy rozprawy z filozofii społecznej, Warszawa 1956.
11. I. Kant, "Krytyka czystego rozumu", przeł. R. Ingarden, różne wydania, fragmenty.
12. G.W.F. Hegel, "Fenomenologia ducha", różne wydania, fragmenty.
13. G.W.F. Hegel, "Wykłady z historii filozofii", t. 1, Warszawa 1994, fragmenty.
14. A. Schopenhauer, "O wolności ludzkiej woli", rózne wydania, fragmenty.
15. S. Kierkegaard, "Bojaźń i drżenie", przeł. J. Iwaszkiewicz, Łódź 1972.
16. M. Stirner, "Jedyny i jego własność", Warszawa 1995, fragmenty.
17. B. Bolzano, "Podstawy logiki", Kęty 2010, fragmenty.
18. A. Comte, "Rozprawa o duchu filozofii pozytywnej. Rozprawa o całokształcie pozytywizmu", przekł. B. Skarga,
Warszawa 1973, s. 138-152.

Literatura przedmiotu:

1. T. Płużański, "Pascal", Warszawa 1974.
2. M. Maneli, "Machiavelli", Warszawa 1968.
3. "The Oxford Handbook of Descartes and Cartesianism", red. S. Nadler, T.M. Schmaltz, D. Antoine-Mahut, Oxford 2019.
4. T. Kroński, "Hegel", Warszawa 1966.
5. M. Żelazny, "Heglowska filzoofia ducha", Warszawa 2000.
6. M. Poręba, "Transcendentalna teoria świadomości. Próba rekonstrukcji semantycznej", Warszawa 1999.
7. W.V.O. Quine, "Dwa dogmaty empiryzmu", w: tenże, "Z punktu widzenia logiki. Dziewięć esejów logiczno-filozoficznych",
przeł. B. Stanosz, Warszawa 1996, s. 49-75.
8. "The Oxford Handbook of Schopenhauer", red. R.L. Wicks, Oxford 2020.
9. R.B. Brandom, "A Spirit of Trust. A Reading of Hegel's Phenomenology", Cambridge, London 2019.
10. G. Deleuze, "Nietzsche i filozofia", Łódź 2012.
11. J. Woleński, "Filozoficzna szkoła lwowsko-warszawska", Warszawa 1985.
12. D. Harvey, "Przewodnik po Kapitale Karola Marksa" T. I i II, Poznań 2018.
13. U. Kriegel, "Brentano's Philosopphical System: Mind, Being, Value", Oxford 2018.
14. "The Oxford Handbook of the History of Analytic Philosophy", Oxford 2013.

Information on level of this course, year of study and semester when the course unit is delivered, types and amount of class hours - can be found in course structure diagrams of apropriate study programmes. This course is related to the following study programmes:

• Philosophy - full-time first cycle studies

Additional information (registration calendar, class conductors, localization and schedules of classes), might be available in the USOSweb system:

• Description of WF-FI-N11-HF3 in USOSweb